In his first term, Wilson persuaded a Democratic Congress to pass the Federal Reserve Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Antitrust Act, the Federal Farm Loan Act and America's first-ever federal progressive income tax in the Revenue Act of 1913. Wilson brought many white Southerners into his administration, and tolerated their expansion of segregation in many federal agencies.

Narrowly re-elected in 1916, Wilson's second term centered on World War I. He based his re-election campaign around the slogan "he kept us out of war", but U.S. neutrality was challenged in early 1917 when the German government proposed to Mexico a military alliance in a war against the U.S., and began unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking, without warning, every American merchant ship its submarines could find. In April 1917 Wilson asked Congress to declare war.

He focused on diplomacy and financial considerations, leaving the waging of the war primarily in the hands of the Army. On the home front in 1917, he began the United States' first draft since the American Civil War, raised billions of dollars in war funding through Liberty Bonds, set up the War Industries Board, promoted labor union growth, supervised agriculture and food production through the Lever Act, took over control of the railroads, enacted the first federal drug prohibition, and suppressed anti-war movements. He did not encourage the wave of anti-German sentiment sweeping the country in 1917-18, but did nothing to stop it.

In the late stages of the war, Wilson took personal control of negotiations with Germany, including the armistice. He issued his Fourteen Points, his view of a post-war world that could avoid another terrible conflict. He went to Paris in 1919 to create the League of Nations and shape the Treaty of Versailles, with special attention on creating new nations out of defunct empires. Largely for his efforts to form the League, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1919, during the bitter fight with the Republican-controlled Senate over the U.S. joining the League of Nations, Wilson collapsed with a debilitating stroke. He refused to compromise, effectively destroying any chance for ratification. The League of Nations was established anyway, but the United States never joined.

A Presbyterian of deep religious faith, he appealed to a gospel of service and infused a profound sense of moralism into his idealistic internationalism, now referred to as "Wilsonianism". Wilsonianism calls for the United States to enter the world arena to fight for democracy, and has been a contentious position in American foreign policy. Because of his leadership in World War I, he is frequently ranked as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents.

---

Browsing table of 10 President Woodrow Wilson items
This table is sortable, just click on any heading.

Code	Description	Condition	Notes	View	Buy
WLS-11	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson - Marshal Type: Political Campaign Button (frame), (butterfly case1),	Nice	Jugate - Wilson portrait on left, Marshal portrait on right. Red top banner, white center, blue bottom banner. - They Have Kept The Faith, America First, We'll Stand By Them Manufacturer: Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $80.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-13	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson - Marshall Type: Political Campaign Button (ManEnv), (CTShowBox),	Nice w/slight scratch across Marshall's face - Nice Whitehead and Hoag paper insert	Jugate - Wilson portrait on left, Marshal portrait on right. White text top, white text bottom. All on black button Manufacturer: Whitehead and Hoag Co. Newark, NJ Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $90.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-unl1	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson Type: Political Campaign Button	Nice	Gray text Stand By Wilson along top edge - The Man For The Job along bottom edge - Nice side portrait centered Manufacturer: Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $60.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-unl2	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson Type: Political Campaign Button (ManEnv), (CTShowBox),	Nice w/tiny nick at 11 o'clock on edge - Whitehead and Hoag paper insert	Center portrait surrounded by green leaf side borders w/flag border overprint on right and bottom - White text Wilson under portrait Manufacturer: Whitehead and Hoag Co, Newark, NJ Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $120.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
!!!SOLD!!!	(US) - President Candidate: Root Type: Political Campaign Button	Nice w/minor foxing around temple and other areas	Elihu Root was elected a U.S. Senator from New York, and served from March 4, 1909, to March 4, 1915. In June 1916, Root was drafted for the Republican presidential nomination but declined. Root reached his peak strength of 103 votes on the first ballot. The Republican presidential nomination went to Charles Evans Hughes, who lost the election to Democrat Woodrow Wilson. Manufacturer: Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political),	View Front Image	Price: $25.00 0 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
ROT-unl2	(US) - President Candidate: Root Type: Political Campaign Button	Nice, clean and no foxing at all - Clean paper Whitehead & Hoag insert	Elihu Root was elected a U.S. Senator from New York, and served from March 4, 1909, to March 4, 1915. In June 1916, Root was drafted for the Republican presidential nomination but declined. Root reached his peak strength of 103 votes on the first ballot. The Republican presidential nomination went to Charles Evans Hughes, who lost the election to Democrat Woodrow Wilson. Manufacturer: White & Hoag Newark, NJ Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political),	View Front Image	Price: $40.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-10	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson - Marshal Type: Political Campaign Button (frame), (butterfly case1),	Nice - Nice clean Ehrman paper insert intact	Jugate - Red, White, & Blue motif - Wilson on left, Marshal on right, They Have Kept The Faith, America First, We'll Stand By Them Manufacturer: Ehrman Boston MA Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $80.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-unl3	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson Type: Political Campaign Button (ManEnv), (CTShowBox),	Nice w/minor frontal and edge foxing	Large portrait w/white text Woodrow Wilson on brown bottom banner Manufacturer: Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $75.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WLS-unl4	(US) - President Candidate: Wilson - Pershing Type: Political Campaign Button (ManEnv), (CTShowBox),	Nice w/minor foxing along edge	Jugate - Red, White, & Blue motif - Blue text Victory on Red, White, & Blue top banner, between two flages w/portraits on theme - Wilson on left, Pershing on right, all on cream colored button Manufacturer: Size: 1 1/4 inch Keywords: (political), (Woodrow Wilson),	View Front Image	Price: $120.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now
WIL-51	(US) - President Candidate: Willkie - Wilson Type: Political Campaign Button	Nice, w/minor tiny surface scratches	Coattail - White text Willkie on red top banner over blue text Iowa Wants on white center over white text Wilson on blue bottom banner Manufacturer: Size: 7/8 inch Keywords: (political),	View Front Image	Price: $15.00 1 Available (Subject To Any Prior Or Pending Sales) Check out now

April 10 2024 21:45:08n